A Case Report on Hepatopancreatic Anomaly with its histomorphological study in Adult Cadaver

The pancreas is a soft, lobulated and mixed gland. As the liver and pancreas develop together from the hepatopancreatic bud it is common that congenital anomalies of liver and pancreas exist together. This study was done during routine practical dissection where a band of tissue was found extending from the head of the pancreas to the root of the Mesentry. On histological examination the tissue was confirmed to be pancreas. It is seen that the hepatic bud grows at the expense of the ventral pancreas. In the present study, we found an atrophied left lobe of liver and an abnormally rare and large uncinate process of pancreas.

Chilotic Index- A Strong Determinant In Studying Sexual Dimorphism Of Dried Hip Bones In The Population Of North Andhra Pradesh

Aims and Objectives: To study the sexual dimorphism of dried human hip bone with respect to chilotic line andchilotic index (CI) and finding a cut off value for the chilotic index that will be accurate for identification of sexin the human hip bone.Materials and Methods: The study was undertaken with a sample size of 44 adult human dried hip bones from thedepartment of Anatomy GVP.I.H.C & MT, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The Chilotic line (sacral segment andpelvic segment) was measured using a Vernier calliper and chilotic index was calculated.Results: The chilotic index in male hip bones fall in the range of 102.77mm-139.46mm with a mean value of118.32mm and for females it lies in the range of 61.63mm – 98.17mm with a mean value of 84.84mm. This findingis statistically significant with p-value = <0.001.Conclusion: The total chilotic line in males is longer than in females and a cut off value of 100.48 is statistically100% correct in identification of a male and a female hip bone.

Life Without Limbs: Tetra-amelia

Amelia is defined as the complete absence of the skeletal parts of a limb. Tetra- amelia, is the absence of all thefour limbs is a very rare condition with an incidence range of 1.5–4/100,000 births. Many factors causingvarious limb defects are genetic, environmental (teratogens), vascular compromise by amniotic bands andconditions like oligohydraminos and maternal diabetes. Point mutation in the WNT gene plays a major role incausing limb defects.

Unilateral Absence of Second, Third and Fourth Lumbricals: A Rare Case Report with an Evolutionary Significance.

Lumbricals are the intrinsic muscles of the hand resembling the earthworms. During routine dissection of the hand of a 58 years old male cadaver,we found a rare variation of absence of the second,third and fourth lumbricals of the left hand while the right hand showed no abnormality. Lumbricals act as flexor of the metacarpophalangeal joint and extensor of the interphalangeal joint but owing to their movable attachments, their function is difficult to visualize. Variability of the muscle both in morphology and function indicates the ongoing process of evolution.